SKU: 27190972065

Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971

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Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971In 2015, Chicago became the first city in the United States to create a reparations fund for victims of police torture, after investigations revealed that former Chicago police commander Jon Burge tortured numerous suspects in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. But claims of police torture have even deeper roots in Chicago. In the late 19th century, suspects maintained that Chicago police officers put them in sweatboxes or held them incommunicado until they

In 2015, Chicago became the first city in the United States to create a reparations fund for victims of police torture, after investigations revealed that former Chicago police commander Jon Burge tortured numerous suspects in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. But claims of police torture have even deeper roots in Chicago. In the late 19th century, suspects maintained that Chicago police officers put them in sweatboxes or held them incommunicado until they confessed to crimes they had not committed. In the first decades of the 20th century, suspects and witnesses stated that they admitted guilt only because Chicago officers beat them, threatened them, and subjected them to sweatbox methods. Those claims continued into the 1960s.

In Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971, Elizabeth Dale uncovers the lost history of police torture in Chicago between the Chicago Fire and 1971, tracing the types of torture claims made in cases across that period. To show why the criminal justice system failed to adequately deal with many of those allegations of police torture, Dale examines one case in particular, the 1938 trial of Robert Nixon for murder. Nixon's case is famous for being the basis for the novel Native Son, by Richard Wright. Dale considers the part of Nixon's account that Wright left out of his story: Nixon's claims that he confessed after being strung up by his wrists and beaten and the legal system's treatment of those claims. This original study will appeal to scholars and students interested in the history of criminal justice, and general readers interested in Midwest history, criminal cases, and the topic of police torture.



Binding Type: Hardcover
Publisher: Northern Illinois University Press
Published: 05/25/2016
ISBN: 9780875807393
Pages: 184
Weight: 0.90lbs
Size: 9.10h x 6.10w x 0.70d
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SKU: 27190972065

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Y. Dulak
Draper, US
★★★★★ 5
Keeps pups busy, good for chewers.
Size: Medium, Color: Antler
My dogs love this product. Keeps them busy and it lasts. Just watch out for your feet when they drop it! Heavy
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Reviewed in the United States on May 17, 2026
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Margaret F.
Belleville, US
★★★★★ 5
Power Chewer Loves This!
Size: Medium, Color: Antler
This is my dog's new favorite chew! She loves that she can hold it in her paws. I think she really loves the taste and texture of it. I don't give her antlers as I have heard too many horror stories about broken teeth. I also don't give her nylon toys as I have also heard a lot of horror stories of broken teeth as well as concerns about them digesting the plastic. This is between antlers and bully sticks, which is perfect for a power chewer. I feel comfortable with her eating the pieces that flake off this toy. She loves chewing and she will default to this toy when she wants to help calm down. I don't notice much of a smell. It does flake, but not enough I will even take a star off. Plus, it's plant based and vacuums up easily once dried. It doesn't capture her attention as much as bully sticks or beef cheek chews, but it's much less expensive over time and doesn't stink up our living room! She will also always pick this over any of her rubber chews. Great product and recommend it for all the power chewers.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 23, 2025
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JA
Boise, US
★★★★★ 3
Crumbly, odd texture
Size: Large, Color: Duo Pack
Neither of my dogs were very interested in these. They did chew on the antler-shaped versions more so than the infinity-style versions. When they did chew on these, they didn’t hold up well or last long. These have a strange, crumbly texture when chewed. You’ll find bits and pieces of these chews where the dogs have been chewing. Will not be reordering.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 5, 2026
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Michael Quiroz
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 4
This appears to be a good alternative to the hard plastic chew toys.
Size: Large, Color: Duo Pack
My dog is a heavy chewer. I decided to try this brand out after using a different brand for quite awhile. while my dog seems to like it and carries it around (the pretzel shaped one) he doesn't seem to attack it as whole heartedly as his old brand, I'm thinking it might be the shape, we will see when he wears it out and I switch him to the antler shape. What I like most about it is it doesn't tear my hand up like the other brand did after he had been chewing it for awhile. While it is wearing down some it seems to do it in a more mild manner. Since we haven't had it long I would give this 3.5 stars because I don't know if it will last as long and not sure f it is just the shape that has him more mellow with it.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 27, 2026
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TENYA
Chelsea, US
★★★★★ 5
Choose your shape
Size: Medium, Color: Duo Pack
I love the idea of the dogs not eating nylabone plastic so have been searching for "healthier" options that last for heavy chewers. Two German Sherpherds, they are not big fans of the circular shaped toy but love the antler shaped one and even with both chewing on it, has not been destroyed yet and is not cutting their gums open. I am not finding pieces laying in the carpet. Recommend this
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Reviewed in the United States on May 29, 2026

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